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An American magazine has highlighted how Tesla’s Autopilot system can be “tricked” into operating while there is no one in the driver’s seat.

Consumer Reports highlighted the issue using a Model Y vehicle on a private test track.

The experiment follows the death of two men in a Model S last week, which crashed while no one was in the driver’s seat. Tesla CEO Elon Musk claims the Autopilot system wasn’t activated at the time of the collision.

Consumer Reports demonstrated that the Model Y was able to make several trips up and down a test track, with no driver, automatically steering along painted lane lines. The system did not send out a warning or indicate in any way that the driver’s seat was empty during the experiment.

“In our evaluation, the system not only failed to make sure the driver was paying attention, but it also couldn’t tell if there was a driver there at all,” said Jake Fisher, CR’s senior director of auto testing, who conducted the experiment.

Tesla vehicles, like those from a number of manufacturers, determine whether a driver is present by examining steering wheel inputs. If there is weight on the wheel, even if the driver’s hands are elsewhere, the vehicle assumes a driver is driving and paying attention.

Devices that add weight to the steering wheel and “trick” the system have been openly available to purchase since 2018.

Consumer Reports questioned why Tesla doesn’t include monitoring of the seat occupancy sensor, that is already used for seat belt warnings and airbags, as part of the Autopilot system

The magazine also highlighted that companies like BMW and Ford use a camera to ensure the driver is looking at the road ahead.  By Graham Hill thanks to Fleet News

Two men have died after the Tesla they were travelling in hit a tree in Texas at the weekend. Police believe no one was driving the vehicle at the time of the impact.

The car, a 2019 Model S, then burst into flames. The emergency services took four hours to extinguish the blaze and used more than 100,000 litres of water, according to reports.

Both occupants, said to be in their 50s, were found in passenger seats of the vehicle. One in the rear and one in the front. The incident happened less than half a mile from the owner’s property.

Investigators believe the driver may have activated the car’s Autopilot mode – Tesla’s driver assistance function which can control steering, acceleration and brakes within lanes on motorways – before switching seats.

Tesla chief executive Elon Musk claims the car was not using Autopilot at the time and was not equipped with the brand’s Full Self Driving (FSD) package.

Tesla has repeatedly faced criticism for the way it markets its assistance systems as ‘self-driving’. Last year, German courts banned the manufacturer from making such claims.

It’s common for Tesla owners and fans of the brand to share videos clips or images of Tesla models supposedly driving themselves, with one American woman filming her child asleep in the driver’s seat of a Model 3 while it travelled on the motorway.

Speaking to Autocar Magazine, Matthew Avery, research director at Thatcham Research, described the Texas crash as “an incredibly sobering illustration as to why education and correct naming are so important to the safe use of driver assistance systems”.

He said: “A lack of understanding of system capability is causing confusion around driver responsibility, and accidents like this sadly back that up. System names should not be misleading.”

In February 2020, an investigation into a fatal crash involving a Tesla Model X being driven on Autopilot in Mountain View, California, found that the driver was distracted using his mobile phone. 

It was determined that the Tesla Autopilot system’s limitations, the driver’s overreliance on the Autopilot and the driver’s distraction – likely from a mobile phone game app – caused the crash.  By Graham Hill thanks to Fleet News

Hyundai Ioniq models have been found to pass their MOT test for the first time more frequently than any other car.

In a study compiled by What Car?, the electrified model came out on top with a 96.18% average first time pass rate.

The Ioniq sits above the BMW i8, which is also powered by an electrified powertrain, achieving a 95.97% pass rate.

What Car? analysed more than 745,000 anonymised MOT records published by the Department for Transport to find out the models that had the best rate for passing the MOT test at the first attempt*. Models aged from three to eight years old and with a sample size of at least 100 cars were included in the study. 

Korean, Japanese and German models dominate the top 10, while the Jaguar F-Type (2013-present) is the highest-placed British model in the study sitting in 14th place with an average MOT pass rate of 90.83%.

The Tesla Model S (2014-present) is the highest ranking pure electric vehicle, in 26th place, with an average pass rate of 89.94%. Although there are many premium models in the top 50, there are also several affordable small cars, including the Peugeot 108 (2014-present) and Toyota Aygo (2014-present).

What Car? has also ranked the top and bottom brands for MOT pass rates. As well as achieving the highest average pass rate, Porsche is the only brand to gain a pass rate of more than 90%. Although Ssangyong has the lowest MOT pass record, its result of 76.98% means that more than three quarters of its models passed their MOT the first time.

Steve Huntingford, editor of What Car?, said: “One of the first things used buyers do is check a vehicle’s MOT record to see how well it’s been maintained and if it’s suffered lots of faults. Our extensive study reveals the models with the best MOT pass rates, ranging from large SUVs to city cars. Buyers can use it to help them choose the most dependable models.

“Although the top 50 list contains several prestige cars, that tend to have lower mileage and immaculate service records, it’s reassuring to find some budget and family cars in the mix.”

The full list can be viewed at: www.whatcar.com/news/top-50-used-car-buys-based-on-mot-pass-rate/n22897

What Car? Top 10 list for MOT first time pass rate:

Ranking	Make and Model	Average MOT test pass rate	Average mileage at MOT test
1	Hyundai Ioniq (2017-present)	96.18%	22,710
2	BMW i8 (2014 – 2020)	95.97%	21,738
3	Porsche Boxster (2012 – 2016)	94.10%	22,243
4	Lexus NX (2014 – present)	93.82%	32,413
5	Porsche 911 (2012 – 2019)	93.72%	20,484
6	Porsche Cayman (2013 – 2016)	92.94%	23,224
7	Porsche Macan (2014 – present)	92.91%	32,289
8	Mazda MX-5 (2016 – present)	92.62%	16,399
9	Lexus RX (2016 – present)	91.95%	27,721
10	Mazda CX-3 (2015 – present)	91.91%	25,652

Top 10 manufacturer MOT pass rates 

Rank	Brand	Average MOT test pass rate	Average mileage at MOT test
1	Porsche	91.15%	32,041
2	Tesla	89.94%	44,613
3	Lexus	88.72%	44,081
4	Subaru	88.46%	39,427
5	Honda	88.41%	35,809
6	MINI	87.45%	33,641
7	Audi	87.25%	46,791
8	Skoda	86.58%	45,932
9	Jeep	86.52%	35,224
10	Mazda	86.32%	40,941

Bottom 10 manufacturer MOT pass rates

Rank	Brand	Average MOT test pass rate	Average mileage at MOT test
1	Ssangyong	76.98%	37,911
2	Dacia	78.17%	39,401
3	Citroen	79.72%	38,207
4	Renault	80.20%	37,194
5	Alfa Romeo	80.73%	42,443
6	Vauxhall	81.20%	42,565
7	Fiat	81.22%	33,404

By Graham Hill thanks to Fleet News

Road safety organisation, GEM Motoring Assist is calling for new ways of assessing whether a driver is medically fit to hold a licence.

The call supports the latest report issued by the European Transport Safety Council (ETSC), which criticises current approaches to assessing driver medical fitness.

GEM is urging individual drivers to ensure they take responsibility for their own safety and fitness to drive. Family members should also be wise to the early signs of unsafe driving in their senior relatives, says GEM.

The starting point for establishing fitness to drive in the UK – and in many other European countries – is still an assessment based on age, despite studies showing that specific medical conditions, substance abuse, mental disorders, epilepsy and diabetes are also important factors when it comes to medical fitness to drive, according to GEM.

Neil Worth, GEM chief executive, said: “This report confirms that mandatory age-based screening of older drivers is ineffective in preventing severe collisions.

“It is concerning that the only requirement in law for anyone aged over 70 is to declare every three years that they are fit to drive.”

GEM says that an age-based self-certification system should be replaced by regular medical examinations for drivers of all ages, with checks on eyesight, hearing, vision, and blood pressure.

Worth added: “However, in the absence of an effective re-testing framework, it’s vital that we each take responsibility for our own safety.

“We want as many people as possible to enjoy the freedom of the open road as drivers, but safety must be the priority.”

GEM also warned fleet and business managers of the ‘increased likelihood’ of distracted driving when drivers get behind the wheel again amid the lifting of coronavirus lockdown restrictions. By Graham Hill thanks to Fleet News

Recommendations for who will be legally liable if an autonomous vehicle is involved in a collision or commits an offence are set to be published by the Law Commission before the end of the year.

The organisation has completed a consultation into the legal ramifications of the technology and is now assessing responses before making its final recommendations.

Jessica Uguccioni, lead lawyer of the Law Commission’s autonomous vehicles review, says: “One of the big things we’ve determined is that you can’t just keep the current system for enforcing road traffic rules when it comes to automated vehicles.

“At the moment you can basically lock people up if they do something really, really bad on the road, like dangerous driving, but that is just not going to work with the automated driving regime.

“We need to have a system which is much more based on ensuring safety to begin with, but then understanding why things have gone wrong and preventing them happening again because a single incident can have ramifications for many other vehicles.”

In the Law Commission’s consultation document, the organisation says different levels of automation should affect where liability lies.

If the vehicle is fully autonomous and can travel without a driver in them then any people in the vehicle are merely passengers so have no legal responsibility for the way the vehicle drives and are under no obligation to take over the driving.

Determining liability for autonomous vehicles which require a human driver to be in control of the vehicle at times is more complicated.

While there will be periods when the vehicle is fully autonomous or when it is being fully controlled by a human, there will also be times when the vehicle is transferring control to the driver.  By Graham Hill thanks to Fleet News

The cost of repairs to vehicles suffering pothole damage over the past 12 months has been revealed in new research published by Kwik Fit.

Its annual Pothole Impact Tracker (PIT) report, which is published today (Wednesday, March 31), shows that the total repair bill to vehicles from pothole damage over the past year rose slightly, from £1.249bn to £1.267bn.

Kwik Fit’s PIT Report tracks the impact of potholes on an annual basis and its research shows that this year, despite reduced mileage, drivers have hit an average of 11 potholes per month, and some 10.2 million have suffered damage to their car as a result.

As tyres are a car’s first line of defence against potholes, they are the most commonly damaged component, suffered by 4.2 million drivers.  This is followed by suspension damage (3m), wheels (2.8m) and steering (2m).

The average cost of repairs has reached £127.20, an increase of 11% on the previous year.

Almost half (48%) of drivers say that the condition of the road surfaces in their local area are worse than 12 months ago, with only 12% saying they are better; 35% say they are about the same.

Roger Griggs, communications director at Kwik Fit, said: “The condition of our roads is a long-term issue as shown by our PIT report over recent years.

“Potholes are not just an issue because of the cost to drivers, they present a risk to people’s safety.

“We need to ensure that any funds made available are used strategically and effectively and not just for short term patching up of the worst affected areas.”

The Kwik Fit research coincides with the publication of the Annual Local Authority Road Maintenance (ALARM) survey.

POTHOLE FILLED EVERY 19 SECONDS

It says that inconsistent roads funding is leading to highways authorities conducting quick fixes to potholes rather than employing longer-term solutions.

The 26th survey reports a 15% increase in highway maintenance budgets which were, in part, due to additional funding from central Government, including the Pothole Fund in England, as well as supplementary pots to support changes as a result of Covid-19 needs and active travel ambitions.

However, budgets reported are still lower than they were two years ago, and road conditions have yet to see any significant improvement.

This up-down approach to funding, says the Asphalt Industry Alliance (AIA), results in wasteful patch and mend repairs as local authorities have a statutory duty to maintain the highway but “don’t have the scope or certainty of funding” to implement more cost effective, proactive repairs.

This is borne out by the large increase in the number of potholes filled over the past 12 months in England and Wales, the equivalent of one being filled every 19 seconds, it says.

Local authorities also report that, despite the increase in budgets, target road conditions still remain out of reach.

If they had enough funds to meet their own targets conditions across all road types, there could be an additional 14,400 miles of local roads in a good state of repair and another 2,000 fewer miles in need of urgent repair.

Rick Green, chair of the AIA, said: “The last year has been like no other and the ‘hidden heroes’ responsible for maintaining our local roads should be proud of the role they played working throughout the pandemic to keep our key workers and emergency services moving, supermarket shelves stocked and vaccines distributed.

“While the extra funding in 2020/21 was welcomed, using it to repeatedly fill in potholes is essentially a failure as it does nothing to improve the resilience of the network.”

Green says that the average frequency of road surfacing is now once every 68 years and the bill to fix the backlog of maintenance work on our local roads in England and Wales remains in excess of £10bn.

“It is clear that a longer term approach to local road funding is needed, similar to the five-year commitment made to the strategic road network in the two Roads Investment Strategy (RIS) periods, to allow local authority highway engineers to plan ahead and implement a more proactive, sustainable and cost effective whole life approach to maintaining the network,” he said.

“This commitment is vital to the nation’s post-pandemic reset in which we will rely on our local road network to support recovery and underpin active travel and levelling-up goals.”

LONDONERS COMPLAIN MORE

The Kwik Fit research showed that drivers in Scotland are most likely to say their roads are worse than a year ago, while motorists in London are least likely.

In the capital a third of drivers 33% say the roads are worse, but nearly as many (27%) say they are better.

Interestingly, it is London drivers who are most likely to have complained to their local authority about the potholes in their area. Almost half (46%) of London motorists have done so, compared to an average of 30% of drivers across the country, which may be a reflection of the fact that London drivers pay an average repair bill of £142.60, compared to the national average figure of £127.20.

Drivers hitting potholes may find that the damage is not immediately apparent.  Pothole impacts can often result in slow punctures, damage on the inside wall of the tyre, or cracks in the wheel which are not obvious straight away.

Any driver who hits a pothole with significant force should monitor their car carefully in the days following the incident, to ensure that their vehicle has remained unscathed. By Graham Hill thanks to Fleet News

Road sign-reading technology could collectively save drivers millions of pounds by helping them avoid breaking the speed limit, according to Seat.

The technology uses a front-mounted camera to detect speed limit signs and automatically adjusts a vehicle’s speed. It can also scan school zones and other road signs.

A study of 2,000 UK motorists by Seat found that nearly 10% admitted to being caught speeding annually and more than three quarters (76%) of drivers aren’t always aware what speed they are travelling at.

The manufacturer calculated that by employing road sign-reading technology it could save drivers collectively £327 million based on 10% of licensed drivers in England being issued £100 for an SP30 speeding offence.

Richard Harrison, managing director of Seat UK, said: “It’s certainly eye opening to see that significant numbers of motorists aren’t necessarily always aware of their own speeds, but thankfully there is in-car technology – like our Dynamic Road Sign Display – already on the market to make drivers safer on the road.”

Statistics compiled by the Department for Transport (DfT) showed that over 50% of cars exceeded the speed limit on 30mph roads, while 47% of cars broke the limit on motorways in 2020.

From the research, 40% of drivers said they would want a similar technology to Seat’s Dynamic Road Sign Display technology – featured in the new Seat Leon – on their car if it was available.  By Graham Hill thanks to Fleet News

Vehicles should be fitted with ‘alcolocks’ to reduce drink-driving, a new report from the Parliamentary Advisory Council for Transport Safety (PACTS) suggests.

The alcohol interlocks, which require the driver to blow into a breath-testing instrument connected to the vehicle ignition system before the vehicle will start, should be introduced as soon as possible for drivers convicted of drink driving, says PACTS.

The report – Locking out the drink driver – finds that one on six drink driving offences is committed by a reoffender.

The current reliance on media campaigns, penalties, driving bans and police enforcement is enough to deter reoffending, claims PACTS. Nor is it enough to bring down the number of deaths from drink driving – 240 each year, which has not changed since 2010.

David Davies, executive director of PACTS, said: “We were shocked to find that one in six drink driving offences is committed by someone previously convicted.

“Since 2010, this amounts to over 100,000 offences – each of which is highly dangerous to the driver and other road users. Clearly the current system is not adequate.”

The PACTS report looks at the use of alcohol interlocks around the world and finds that they are significantly more effective than licence disqualification at reducing reoffending.

If combined with rehabilitation courses, the benefits can last long after the device is removed, it says.

The report recommends that the courts are given powers to offer or mandate alcohol interlocks for as many drink drivers.

Offenders would be responsible for the costs of the interlock programme – typically around £1,000 a year.

“A number of other countries have introduced alcohol interlocks to prevent repeat drink driving and to bring down the number of deaths and injuries that result,” said Davies.

“Alcohol interlocks have proved highly effective. PACTS is calling on the Government to give UK courts the powers to impose them without delay.”

Reoffending is a major concern. Since 2010, 32,025 people committed a drink drive offence with a previous drink/drug drive offence on their record.

Meanwhile, eight people were convicted of causing death by careless driving when unfit through drink/with alcohol level above the limit with a previous drink/drug offence on their record.

Dräger Safety UK welcomed today’s publication of the PACTS report into the use of interlock devices.

Graham Hurst, marketing manager Impairment at Dräger, said: “We believe that the time is right to try something different to reduce these avoidable fatalites.

“The experience of our colleagues in countries which already incorporate interlock devices into rehabiliaton programmes is that they have a clear impact on deterring drink driving.”

YouGov research, commissioned by Dräger last year, showed that there is public appetite for interlock devices to be fitted to offenders vehicles before their driving licence is returned, particularly for repeat offenders.

More than four in five respondents (83%) said they would support this and more than half (56%) agreed they should be introduced for first time offenders.

“This public endorsement and the publication of today’s report, suggests that there is a recognition that we need to take action to stop persistent offenders putting other road users at risk,” added Hurst.

Road safety charity IAM RoadSmart also welcomed the PACTS report. Neil Greig, IAM RoadSmart director of policy and research said: “The evidence is clear. Nearly all motorists want new cars fitted with alcolocks to help stop the daily carnage on UK roads from drink driving and this latest PACTS report is even further endorsement.”

The PACTS report mirrors recent research by IAM RoadSmart of over 2,000 motorists, which reveals overwhelming support from motorists to fit alcolocks in all new cars, with 90% of motorists supporting all new cars having built-in technology that immobilises the vehicle if the driver is over the limit.

From 2022 all new cars sold in Europe will be ‘alcolock enabled’ but it is up to the Government to decide how they will be used. IAM RoadSmart has previously stated they will be a useful tool to get drink drive offenders back to safer driving after a ban. By Graham Hill thanks to Fleet News

Better safety standards need to be applied to vehicles being used in the gig economy, says FleetCheck.

In a ruling that could have wider ramifications for the gig economy, the UK Supreme Court ruled that Uber must classify its drivers as workers rather than self-employed.

This will have ramifications on companies and drivers who use their own vehicles for business use.

Peter Golding, managing director at the fleet software specialist, said that the recent ruling against Uber and the company’s subsequent decision to provide a range of employment rights to drivers should be extended to the safety standards applied to cars and vans.

He explained: “This is not a complaint directed at Uber, which has an inspection regime in place for vehicles that are used as taxis, but at the wider gig economy where some home delivery and courier companies have long operated outside of normal safety bounds.”

Golding argues that there has always been some issues with people using their own “unsuitable” vehicles for business activity but, when this was limited to, for example, a relatively small number of pizza deliveries by teenagers using their old cars, the potential for issues was minimal.

However, he said: “We’re now in a situation, partially prompted by the pandemic, where gig economy drivers are delivering millions of parcels every day and the courier companies who employ them often outsource the entire issue of safety to the driver.

“This demands the question – if the recent example of Uber means that those drivers are being brought under legally-required employment practices, why does the same not apply to legally-required safety standards of those vehicles that are being used on business?

“Every other company operating vans in the country has a responsibility to ensure that they are maintained in a roadworthy condition in accordance with recognised manufacturer standards in a manner that is fully auditable.

“These duty of care measures exist to protect their drivers and other road users and, if problems occur, employers can face prosecution and a range of very serious penalties. There is no good reason for this to be suspended anywhere.”

Golding added that making this point was not intended to target the drivers themselves but the gig economy employers who enforced these kinds of working practices.

He explained: “These drivers are hardworking people who, especially at the moment, are proving important to keep the economy turning over and, in some cases, are helping to deliver services that are essential during the current crisis.

“However, that does not make the use of inappropriate vehicles right. For some home delivery companies, the only requirement is that the vehicle has an MOT and is insured for business use.

“I suspect we’ve all got our own horror stories about some of the vehicles that we’ve experienced courier drivers using, such as the 22-year-old Volvo estate that I’ve seen.”

In a sense, Golding says that those outlying vehicles are not the core issue. “The point is that even the better vehicles being used are often not fit for purpose,” he said.

“For example, if you’ve got a hundred parcels to deliver, fleet norms on safety say that you should be using a van with a bulkhead.

“If someone has an accident with those parcels unsecured on the back and front seats of their hatchback, the chances of the driver being hit hard by something heavy moving at speed is massively increased.

“Companies employing people and their vehicles on this basis are dancing around what is acceptable in safety terms. Their drivers and other road users deserve better.”

Golding believes that the fleet industry should look at ways of ensuring that these businesses start to adopt the same kind of everyday operational measures as other company cars and vans.

“Companies operating on this basis need to start to align to fleet industry norms on safety,” he added.

“These driver-owned vehicles are grey fleet and, as every good fleet manager knows, that means the employer has the same responsibilities as for company-owned vehicles.

“Home delivery and courier companies should, at the very least, be looking at driving licences, maintenance records, insisting on regular walkaround checks and ensuring that vehicles are fit for carrying their payload.

“These are safety essentials for every fleet as well as being a legal and a moral responsibility.” By Graham Hill thanks to Fleet News

Highways England has launched a new campaign advising drivers to “go left” if they break down on the motorway.

The multi-million pound exercise is aimed at improving safety on smart motorways following a review by the Transport Secretary last year.

It is being supported by partners across the recovery industry and independent road safety campaigner Meera Naran.

Set to the tune of the Pet Shop Boys’ hit version of the ‘Go West’ song, the advert delivers a clear, single-minded message – go left.

Highways England Acting Chief Executive, Nick Harris, said: “No one plans to break down on a motorway, but if the unexpected happens then I want all motorists to know what to do so that they can keep themselves and others safe.

“Everyone wants a safe journey and raising awareness is a vital part of helping to make sure that happens.

“This new campaign and its ‘Go left’ message is designed to deliver crucial information in an accessible way and to help make motorways safer for the people who use them.”

The campaign is part of an 18-point action plan set out in the Evidence Stocktake published by the Department for Transport in March last year.

The Transport Secretary called on Highways England to deliver the campaign to improve safety and public confidence on smart motorways. However, the Transport Committee has launched a seprate inquiry into the benefits and safety of Smart Motorways in response to numerous calls for them to be scrapped.

Campaigners against Smart Motorways have labelled them as ‘death traps’. One coroner concluded that smart motorways ‘present an ongoing risk of future deaths’ while another has referred Highways England to the Crown Prosecution Service to consider if corporate manslaughter charges are appropriate following the 2018 death of a grandmother on the M1 in South Yorkshire.

Meera Naran is campaigning for Safer Drivers on Safer Roads following the death of her eight-year-old son Dev on the M6. She said: “Having successfully campaigned for the implementation of the 18-point safety plan – this education campaign is an integral step in the right direction to support motorists.”

In 2019 there were almost 230,000 reported breakdowns across the Highways England network including around 207,500 on motorways. In the 12 months from June 2019, around 40,000 breakdowns were recorded as being due to tyre issues while more than 6,000 incidents were a result of vehicles running out of fuel.

AA president, Edmund King OBE, added: “As motorway design has changed since many of us passed our test, it is vital to inform drivers what they should do in rare but worse-case scenarios.

“This welcome new campaign reminds drivers to ‘go left’ should their vehicles develop faults and if possible, get off the motorway. However, if they can’t, then they should head for the next emergency zone.

“Some breakdowns can be avoided completely, so drivers should take five minutes before setting off to ensure their tyres are inflated correctly, that they have enough fuel or electric charge and that engine fluids are topped up.” By Graham Hill thanks to Fleet News