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Years ago, whilst in industry with a proper job, I had use of the company’s chauffeur car and driver. I hated getting up at the crack of dawn to be in say Birmingham by 10.00am so being picked up by the chauffeur was one of life’s little luxuries that I liked.

I could go through paperwork or more important I could have a little snooze and arrive at the other end fully charged up.

So whilst there is a lot to dislike about driverless (autonomous) cars, the one big advantage for me was that I could effectively be chauffeur driven again. Have a snooze, read a newspaper or report, listen to music, watch a movie or anything else that took my fancy whilst being transported to my destination was very appealing.

Unfortunately, we now learn that this is not going to be the case. We had already learned that we couldn’t get plastered then jump into the car and let it drive us home via the kebab shop.

We still need to be responsible and whilst ‘in control’ of the car adhere to all drink and driving regulations. But now we learn that drivers may still be required to actually watch the road.

Proposed new laws, aimed at drivers of autonomous vehicles, will stop drivers from doing anything that will distract them, including reading newspapers, watching TV and using their phones. The aim is to ensure that drivers are able to take back controls in an emergency.

A new study carried out by autonomous vehicle consortium Venturer concluded that it takes 2 seconds between instructing the car that the driver is taking back control and actually assuming total control.

At 50mph that represents a distance of 45 metres when neither the car nor the driver are in control.

With this in mind the regulations will seek to reduce the ‘out of control’ period to as little as possible by making sure that drivers are always alert and not being distracted.

Report director Professor Sarah Sharples, said that , ‘It may be necessary for the rollout of highly autonomous vehicles to be accompanied with the advice, or even law, that in some or all circumstances the driver must maintain attention to the driver situation and that other activities should be minimised or avoided.’

Others have called for a totally new driving test for drivers of autonomous cars. Professor Natasha Merat from the Institute for Transport Studies has suggested that there should be a new form of licensing and training for autonomous vehicles.

The ‘handover lag’ between car and driver presents a challenge for insurers if there is an accident because attributing blame between car and driver could prove difficult.

It has even been suggested that response times should be taken into account with older drivers paying more than younger drivers as they would be slower to respond. Think I’ll buy some Lotto tickets and with the winnings get another chauffeur! By Graham Hill

When you took out the insurance for your car do you recall be ing asked what class of car insurance you wanted? Yes you would have taken out fully comprehensive insurance, especially if your car was leased, it would be a condition of the finance agreement. But there are also three categories you would have chosen from.

All policies cover you for Social, Domestic and Pleasure (SD&P). This basic cover only covers you for personal use and doesn’t even cover you to commute to and from work. The next level is SD&P including commuting. This means social domestic and pleasure and commuting to and from work but it doesn’t cover you to travel to another branch or to say a training course.

Class 1 is the next level which includes personal business use. This includes personal business use in connection with your job, which covers travelling between branches, attending training courses etc. Class 2 will cover you and others for SD&P and all business use. Finally Class 3 will cover SD&P and commercial travelling.

You may read this and not give it much further thought but Graeme Trudgill, Executive Director at British Insurance Brokers Association, said that the law requires you to be insured for the correct use of your car, if not you risk voiding your policy and a fine. So ignore this at your peril. By Graham Hill

A few years ago I returned to my Mercedes having been away for the day at a conference only to find that the car had been keyed. I actually felt relieved that I’d been driving prestige cars for many years and this was the first time my car had been vandalised.

It didn’t stop me from parking at the corner of the road for three nights running in the hope that I would catch the cretins doing it again – very silly I know but I was furious! So I was quite surprised to read that the most vandalised car in the UK is the Smart Car. Churchill insurance analysed insurance claims and found that Smart ForTwo and Smart ForFour were the most vandalised cars.

Analysis showed one in one hundred cars being vandalised, to put this into perspective next on the list was the Mini at one in one thousand cars. Small Alfa Romeo, BMW and Mazda car owners have complained about their cars being deliberately damaged. After analysing claims between 2013 and 2017 they found that there was a vandalism claim every 22 minutes.

Most claims were for cosmetic damage with 15% blamed on scratches and similar incidents. 12% of claims were for damage to bumpers with another 12% dings in doors. Steve Barrett, head of car insurance at Churchill said, ‘We advise victims to report vandalism to police, even when the damage is minor.’ We don’t know what the problem is with Smart cars, in 2009 several were pushed into Amsterdam’s canals and 2014 several were turned upside down in San Francisco.

Bloody typical, just as we have a great deal on them! By Graham Hill

I have to say that I’m not a big fan of President Trump and when he was constantly moaning about False News I thought he was being paranoid but reading all the nonsense printed and reported about diesel cars I can understand what he means.

I’m not going to deny that petrol and diesel cars are not good for the environment but the difference between the two is minimal. Petrol pushes out more CO2 whilst Diesel pushes out more NOX. Diesels also had a problem with particulates but used properly a new Euro 6 diesel emits no particulates at all.

I was speaking to an MOT tester and even 3-year-old cars often emit zero particulates when MOT tested. My view is that by raising diesel emissions as a major problem, mayor Khan and many local authorities are using the scare tactics to impose more penalties on those driving all diesels and not just the old models.

Ford have already said that they are committed to diesel cars and others are taking a similar line but we could be looking at a totally different playing field in 2 years time. Bosche have developed a new system that will reduce NOX emissions to just 13mg/km.

That’s about a tenth of the limit set to be the level required in 2020 under the next set of regulations known as RDE2. In technical terms, Bosche has moved the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) System and the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) closer to the engine, allowing them to operate at optimal temperatures.

A faster-spooling turbo is fitted to improve operating efficiencies and the exhaust gas re-circulating system is modified to keep hot air pointed at emissions reduction components. The set-up also includes improvements to the fuel injection, Adblue dosing equipment and engine management software, while the development car’s engine capacity was reduced from 2.0 litres to 1.7 litres without loss of power.

When testing Bosch found the worst case scenario was driving around town when their car, a VW Golf, recorded a maximum NOx emission of 26mg/km because in very cold conditions the car struggled to get up to full operating temperature.

Fuel and AdBlue consumption remained the same although technicians said that in very cold congested conditions fuel consumption could increase by between 3% and 5%. Whilst the equipment cannot be retrofitted to older diesels it is available for manufacturers to order now. But the hardware changes needed mean the complete system is unlikely to be integrated into production lines for another two years. Excellent news for us supporters of diesel! By Graham Hill

If you think that your new Mercedes was built in a highly efficient factory in Germany you would be mistaken, most models are now made around the world. Some are built in South Africa and some are built and shipped from South America to name just two.

The VW Polo is also built in South Africa and because of high import duties many manufacturers have factories in India. Many cars are manufactured in the most unlikely of places. Take the Vauxhall Mokka X – it is built in Bupyeong in South Korea and as for the true Brit Mini, whilst several models are built in the UK some are built in Austria and some in the Netherlands?

Buy a BMW X3 and it will have to be shipped over from the country of origin – the USA. And that’s not to mention the parts with some Ford parts for their Fiesta such as engines and gearboxes being manufactured in Brazil and Mexico – did you know that Mr Trump? So does it really matter? I would suggest not.

I can’t remember the last time I was asked where a car   was bolted together as a deciding factor – but could this change? Would you be happy if your brand new car turned up with a ‘Made In China’ sticker attached? But this could soon become a reality.

Not because the main manufacturers are considering building cars there but the Chinese manufacturers are considering selling their cars outside China and targetting Europe. And if they gain a foothold it may encourage European manufacturers to start building cars there.

After all Kia’s and Hyundai’s are manufactured in South Korea and their reputation is one of the highest in the marketplace, now ranked above Ford in terms of worldwide sales. In order to gain a foothold Beijing recently hosted their International Motor Show at which journalists were invited to Lynk & Co’s manufacturing plant, built at a cost of £1.4 billion.

They expect to produce 200,000 cars per annum at the highly automated plant. The consensus amongst the journalists was that the plant was incredibly impressive – as were the cars. As Auto Express said, the cars rolling out of the plant were finished to a higher level than many European cars. VW made noises that they would consider exporting cars made in China into Europe. Watch this space! By Graham Hill

We all know that one of the most common car insurance fiddles is the widely publicised Cash for Crash whiplash claim. Simply a car races past you, swerves in front and brakes hard. You brake and still run into the back of the car. As you ran into the car in front you are considered at fault whilst all 5 people in the car at the time claim for whiplash and each receive several thousands of pounds in costs and compensation.

With the introduction of the Civil Liabilities Act (at Bill stage at the moment) compensation for whiplash claims will drop from the current maximum of £1,850 to £425. The new Act will make it illegal to submit a whiplash claim without medical evidence. Together it is felt that this will discourage this scurrilous activity and in turn save the Insurance Industry £1 billion each year.

This is the equivalent to £35 per motorist. The Ministry of Justice says that despite the UK having some of the safest roads in Europe the number of whiplash claims has increased by 50% in the past 10 years. They blame a predatory industry that encourages motorists to submit exaggerated or fraudulent claims driving up insurance premiums for all.

Justice secretary, David Gauke, said, ‘This legislation will ensure that whiplash claims are no longer an easy payday. The Bill will seek to set fixed amounts of compensation for whiplash claims and halt the practice of setting claims without medical evidence.’

Whilst some insurers, including Liverpool Victoria and Aviva have pledged to pass on any savings to motorists I have my doubts. And how will we know? Will they send a note to all clients advising of a drop in their premiums? I doubt it. My concern is that the £425 ceiling is too low when applied to a genuine case. Genuine cases of whiplash should be treated fairly with those affected being suitably recompensed. I know people who have suffered whiplash with the problem remaining forever. It can be very painful and debilitating. £425 hardly seems fair to me simply because a few crooks make false claims. By Graham Hill

Insurance comparison website comparethemarket.com has found that car insurance rates are cheaper in the summer than in the winter. New figures showed that insurance rates were most expensive in December. They explained that over the past 4 years the cost of a typical car insurance premium was 13% higher in December than the monthly average for the rest of the year.

Summer and Spring months were found to have the cheapest policies. The comparison site said that in December, call centres are often less heavily staffed and closed for certain periods, leading to less competition in the market and higher prices overall for drivers.

As a result the comparison sites have suggested that drivers should look to take out policies in the summer. Very Strange! By Graham Hill

Nearly a million bus lane fines are issued a year according to the RAC. Between 2015 and 2017 3.4 million penalty charge notices have been issued by local councils, estimated to be £68 million a year or £200 million over the 3 years – so why has this been happening?

The RAC puts it down to ‘inadequate’ or ‘confusing’ signage causing drivers to accidentally move into a bus lane without realising it. It begs the question, is the signage poor in order to catch unsuspecting motorists? The problem is that whilst the local councils wring their hands the confusion causes traffic delays and jams leading also to increased emissions.

One of the problems, in addition to signage, is inconsistency. Some towns and cities have bus lanes that are reserved as bus lanes 24/7 whilst others allow other drivers to use their bus lanes outside set times. So when motorists travel from town to town, to be on the safe side, they stay out of the bus lane.

You will often see cars pulling over at the end of a bus lane to turn left at a junction or roundabout only to be prevented from doing so by those who have zoomed down the bus lane (as they know the rules) giving the impression they are doing something illegal – when they aren’t. This can lead to traffic delays at junctions and possible road rage. A motorcyclist also pointed out that in some towns he can drive along the bus lanes at any time whereas others he can’t.

If you are concerned about receiving a fine it was interesting to note that Manchester was top of the fine list. 2^nd was Glasgow, followed by Cardiff, Bradford and Nottingham. Strangely, whilst London was left off the list, it actually slotted in below Glasgow – quite a surprise. I won’t bore you with more stats but I would point out that in London the borough with the biggest increase was my good friends – Croydon with a 787% increase. I think if you sneezed in a car in Croydon you’de be done for driving without due care and attention!

So the warning, check the signage carefully and don’t assume that a car whizzing down the bus lane knows the rules and is taking advantage, then follow him, he’s probably just nicked the car and doesn’t give a damn! By Graham Hill

The new emissions tests were supposed to stop any emissions test fiddling and allow employers to make a more educated assessment when deciding on their car policy – even when the car policy only extended to one car. As a result, we all knew that there was a very high probability that the emissions figures, for both CO2 and NOx would both increase which would affect employees benefit in kind tax, vehicle excise duty and NI.

And that is pretty much the sum total of all the information provided by the Government. As over 60% of my cars are supplied on business agreements I thought I would explain where we are at the moment. The current testing procedure is called NEDC and it’s the result of those tests that we use to calculate benefit in kind tax.

Since September 2017 all new cars launched or facelifted have to be tested under the new regime, the Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP). The other thing we know is that all new cars must be tested under WLTP from 1^st September 2018 (unless the car is on runout) but given an NEDC correlated figure.

This figure was assumed to mean that if your car had emissions of 95g/km of CO2 under NEDC and 120 g/km under WLTP a calculation would be made and we would end up somewhere close to the NEDC reading. Unfortunately, that’s it – all the information we have. So we have yet to learn how the changes will affect benefit in kind tax, vehicle excise duty and National Insurance.

From what I have been reading everything else, other then the two known deadlines, is total guesswork. We haven’t even been told that if the car you are driving is tested and the calculation applied to arrive at a CO2 emissions midpoint, whether you will pay increased benefit in kind tax and NI. The assumption is that if you already have the car you will continue to pay at the old NEDC emissions level. But we don’t know. Apparently, the Treasury is still ‘assessing the impact’.

Another assumption is that given company vehicle lifecycles it is assumed that until 2020, any cars taken by businesses and provided as company cars will attract BIK tax and NI based on the WLTP test results then run through the calculator, known as CO2MPAS, to arrive at the mid-point figure. Assuming also that after 2020 the full WLTP reading will be used. Again, whilst it is the general feeling of the industry, 2020 has not been confirmed as the change date.

Whilst it was originally believed that once the CO2MPAS calculation was applied that the CO2 readings would only increase marginally, it has been found that they have increased by between 10 and 20 percent, hitting company car drivers pretty hard as the readings bump them up the tax bands. This could lead to a number of employees switching from company cars to car allowances which is not good. Experience shows that employees don’t take such good care of their cars and they err towards used cars as opposed to new cars.

I have to say that I was a remainer, not a remoaner. I knew that the BREXIT decision could go either way and I was prepared to accept the decision – whatever the outcome. But if this is an example of how we take back control, we are in for a very rough ride! By Graham Hill

I first started using contract hire in the late 70’s. I was working for a large manufacturer and leasing company and as General Manager I had overall responsibility for over 700 vehicles. We owned all of our vehicles and I had to fight a massive battle to convince the board that we would be better off leasing our vehicles. I had progressed from being the Group Cost and Management Accountant through Group IT Manager to Group General Manager.

This background meant that I could put forward a very strong and convincing case. It also meant that in those days for a contract hire company to capture a fleet of that size they had to be very flexible. It meant that we could pool our mileage and whilst some cars would be returned in excellent condition some, with very high mileage, would go back in pretty ropey condition. Again they would take a view and we rarely received a charge for damage repair.

In other words, cars that were returned under mileage would use their mileage credit to offset any cars returning over mileage. So we effectively received a rebate. And cars in showroom condition when returned would help to balance out those in relatively poor condition.

Those days are long gone, causing many customers all sorts of issues at the end of their contracts. For example when you set your mileage at 10,000 miles per annum and at the end of 3 years you exceed the mileage allowance by say 3,000 miles you are likely to receive a bill for say £300 if your excess mileage charge was 10 pence per mile. However, if you sent back the car with just 27,000 miles on the clock, 3,000 miles under, you receive no rebate. That’s not fair. I wouldn’t even mind if your rebate was just 5 pence per mile for under mileage, I would be a little happier.

The same applies to end of lease damage, especially if you are a good customer. I have to say that whilst I’m currently taking on MB Finance over a lease extension, when it comes to returning a car with minor damage on it I have twice had the charge waived as a ‘gesture of goodwill’.

Here’s the point, All leasing companies tend to work the same when it comes to excess mileage but I have just quoted the same car on the same mileage with two different suppliers. The excess mileage with one company was 8 pence per mile whilst the other was more than twice as much at 16.7 pence per mile. It becomes very confusing.

The same applies to repairs if you return the car with damage. Most leasing companies use the BVRLA standard recommendations, which is good news. The bad news is that they charge different amounts for the same work to be carried out. We need more consistency if leasing is to expand at least cost to the customer. By Graham Hill